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Odoo Address Validation Solution
Hi MD Abul,
You're now halfway through your GeoPostcodes' trial. Have you been able to explore our data, and what questions do you have?
We're already working with 124 Fortune 500 companies to service their location data needs. Let me know what you're working on, and we can discuss how we can support you with one of our datasets.
To discuss further with our experts, find a time that works for you here.
Best regards,Kashif AliBusiness Development+32 25 86 22 31Rue Aux Laines 70, Brussels 1000, BELGIUM
mercredi 25 septembre 2024, 17:43:24 +0200, Kashif Ali <kashif.ali@geopostcodes.com>:
Hey MD Abul,
We understand the struggle posed by inaccuracies, manual verification complexities, and the constant need for reliable data. GeoPostcodes is designed to be your comprehensive remedy, ensuring precision, saving valuable time, and providing a dependable solution.
Our Address Validation Service ensures the accuracy and completeness of your address database. By integrating GeoPostcodes, companies like DB Schenker have significantly improved their delivery processes, reduced errors, and enhanced customer satisfaction. You can find more information in this blog post on how DB Schenker validates postal data 300X faster
When suits you for a quick call with our experts?
Best regards,
Kashif AliBusiness Development+32 25 86 22 31Rue Aux Laines 70, Brussels 1000, BELGIUM
jeudi 19 septembre 2024, 10:54:32 +0200, Kashif Ali <kashif.ali@geopostcodes.com>:
Hi MD Abul,
Thank you for registering on our customer portal. We noticed your interest in address validation and capture, and we're excited to introduce you to GeoPostcodes. It is a solution that can optimize your address data seamlessly.
GeoPostcodes has helped companies like DB Schenker and Amazon streamline their address validation and capture processes. This has resulted in improved efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Would you like to chat briefly about how GeoPostcodes can enhance your address data management?
Best regards,
Kashif AliBusiness Development+32 25 86 22 31Rue Aux Laines 70, Brussels 1000, BELGIUM
by "Kashif Ali" <kashif.ali@geopostcodes.com> - 06:16 - 27 Sep 2024 -
What changes are tech officers making to realize value from tech?
Only McKinsey Perspectives
4 types of roles
by "Only McKinsey Perspectives" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 12:38 - 27 Sep 2024 -
Remote's 2024 State of Payroll Report is out 📄
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by "Remote" <hello@remote-comms.com> - 10:24 - 26 Sep 2024 -
A human-centric approach to CEO leadership, board–CEO collaboration, inclusive care for people with disabilities, and more highlights
Fall into these highlights from the week Brought to you by Alex Panas, global leader of industries, & Axel Karlsson, global leader of functional practices and growth platforms
Welcome to the latest edition of The Weekend Read. We hope you find our perspectives useful. Let us know what you think at Alex_Panas@McKinsey.com and Axel_Karlsson@McKinsey.com.
—Alex and Axel
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by "McKinsey Weekend Read" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 09:11 - 26 Sep 2024 -
Software Architecture Patterns
Software Architecture Patterns
Software architects often encounter similar goals and problems repeatedly throughout their careers.͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ ͏ Forwarded this email? Subscribe here for moreSoftware architects often encounter similar goals and problems repeatedly throughout their careers. These challenges can arise within a single project, across multiple projects within a company, or even throughout an architect's career.
Architectural patterns provide a systematic approach to solving these recurring design issues.
In essence, architectural patterns are reusable approaches to building software that address common design challenges. These patterns capture the core design structures of various systems and software elements, allowing them to be reused across different projects and scenarios.
Some key benefits of knowing about architectural patterns are as follows:
Increased productivity: Instead of reinventing the wheel for each project, architects can rely on established patterns to guide design decisions while saving time and effort. The productivity increase allows teams to focus on the unique aspects of their projects rather than reinventing solutions for recurring issues.
Improved code quality: By following standard patterns, developers can produce higher-quality code that is more maintainable, scalable, and easier to understand.
Better communication: Patterns provide a common language and vocabulary making it easy to discuss and communicate design decisions.
Faster development cycles: With the help of established patterns, development teams can accelerate their development cycles.
In this post, we’ll look at the most popular software architecture patterns used by developers and architects across organizations and systems.
Client-Server Pattern
Client-server architecture is a widely used model for network communication, where a client (user or application) sends requests to a server, and the server responds with the requested data or service. This architecture can be implemented on a single machine or across different machines connected through a network.
See the diagram below for a typical client-server setup...
Unlock this post for free, courtesy of Alex Xu.
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Re: Product Order
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Hello, My name is José Mourinho from SIMOLDES LTD in Portugal. We recently came across your company while researching exhibition products online and we understand that your range of products seems to align perfectly with our business needs. Could you please send us your latest catalog so we can learn more about your products. We look forward to the possibility of working together and hope this will be the start of a long and successful business relationship. I'm eagerly awaiting your response at the earliest. Best Regards, Sincerely, José Mourinho Procurement Manager SIMOLDES LTD. R. Comendador António da Silva Rodrigues 100, 3720-502 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal Email: purchase.simoldes@gmail.com
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by "José Mourinho" <valpet@steefglobal.com> - 07:27 - 26 Sep 2024 -
Re: Product Order
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Hello, My name is José Mourinho from SIMOLDES LTD in Portugal. We recently came across your company while researching exhibition products online and we understand that your range of products seems to align perfectly with our business needs. Could you please send us your latest catalog so we can learn more about your products. We look forward to the possibility of working together and hope this will be the start of a long and successful business relationship. I'm eagerly awaiting your response at the earliest. Best Regards, Sincerely, José Mourinho Procurement Manager SIMOLDES LTD. R. Comendador António da Silva Rodrigues 100, 3720-502 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal Email: purchase.simoldes@gmail.com
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by "José Mourinho" <valpet@steefglobal.com> - 06:38 - 26 Sep 2024 -
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Why are US doctors leaving their roles?
Only McKinsey Perspectives
Findings from a physician survey Brought to you by Alex Panas, global leader of industries, & Axel Karlsson, global leader of functional practices and growth platforms
Welcome to the latest edition of Only McKinsey Perspectives. We hope you find our insights useful. Let us know what you think at Alex_Panas@McKinsey.com and Axel_Karlsson@McKinsey.com.
—Alex and Axel
•
Ongoing turnover. Healthcare organizations are grappling with the increasingly difficult and urgent task of attracting and retaining physician talent to meet swelling patient demand for care. The seventh edition of a physician survey finds that the doctor shortage shows no signs of abating, McKinsey senior partner Rupal Malani and coauthors reveal. About 35% of respondents indicate that they are likely to leave their current roles in the next five years, of which roughly 60% say they are likely to leave clinical practice entirely.
—Edited by Belinda Yu, editor, Atlanta
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by "Only McKinsey Perspectives" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 12:26 - 26 Sep 2024 -
Latest Issue: smartCIO e-Magazine Volume 10
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Discover AI and ML’s influence on work. View as Web Page E-Magazine The Future of Work
Discover AI and ML’s Influence on WorkRead Now In this latest issue of smartCIO, hear how CIOs work effectively with HR and Finance to deliver technology that can future proof an organisation through the adoption of AI & ML. Learn more about upcoming work challenges and the mindset CIOs need to handle uncertain situations.
- “Seeking the best tech to make the job easier” – Lisa Tobin, Managing Director of Technology at SEEK
- “Meeting the needs of future-focused clients” – Keith Ip, Chief Technology Officer at Li & Fung
- “Where the only constant is change” – Kevin Russo, Asia Pacific Chief Information Officer and Partner at Deloitte
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by "Workday" <corp.email@workday.com> - 09:06 - 25 Sep 2024 -
Full Stack Web Developer | Portfolio Competitive Rates Inside!
Hi Odoo team,
I wanted to follow up on my application for the Full Stack Developer role. I’m really excited about the possibility of working with Odoo and would love to discuss how I can contribute.
Looking forward to hearing from you!
by engage.moin@gmail.com - 07:15 - 25 Sep 2024 -
Odoo Address Validation Solution
Hey MD Abul,
We understand the struggle posed by inaccuracies, manual verification complexities, and the constant need for reliable data. GeoPostcodes is designed to be your comprehensive remedy, ensuring precision, saving valuable time, and providing a dependable solution.
Our Address Validation Service ensures the accuracy and completeness of your address database. By integrating GeoPostcodes, companies like DB Schenker have significantly improved their delivery processes, reduced errors, and enhanced customer satisfaction. You can find more information in this blog post on how DB Schenker validates postal data 300X faster
When suits you for a quick call with our experts?
Best regards,
Kashif AliBusiness Development+32 25 86 22 31Rue Aux Laines 70, Brussels 1000, BELGIUM
jeudi 19 septembre 2024, 10:54:28 +0200, Kashif Ali <kashif.ali@geopostcodes.com>:
Hi MD Abul,
Thank you for registering on our customer portal. We noticed your interest in address validation and capture, and we're excited to introduce you to GeoPostcodes. It is a solution that can optimize your address data seamlessly.
GeoPostcodes has helped companies like DB Schenker and Amazon streamline their address validation and capture processes. This has resulted in improved efficiency and customer satisfaction.
Would you like to chat briefly about how GeoPostcodes can enhance your address data management?
Best regards,
Kashif AliBusiness Development+32 25 86 22 31Rue Aux Laines 70, Brussels 1000, BELGIUM
by "Kashif Ali" <kashif.ali@geopostcodes.com> - 10:43 - 25 Sep 2024 -
We've had a cancellation - Extra reduction for a local Telecommunication Company
We've had a cancellation - Extra reduction for a local Telecommunication Company
Hi there,
At the end of last week, we filled the final partnership slot on the My Caddie Golf Platform featuring Birchwood Golf Club, but one became available again yesterday for a local Telecommunication Company.
Would Your Telecoms Consultant like to take this slot?
You will still get all the same benefits listed below, at the reduced price equivalent to just £20 per week for the 2-year partnership + £399 Artwork (one-off, optional) + VAT.
Let me know and I'll reserve it for you.
Best wishes,
Jack StevensAccount Manager0330 0436 463
Jack Stevens <jack@w1g.biz> wrote:
Hi there,
I hope you're well, I wanted to reach out because Your Telecoms Consultant has been recommended to us, and we have a unique opportunity that you may be interested in.
The My Caddie Golf Platform featuring Birchwood Golf Club can help you and the team generate business from our members and visitors, we are looking for a local Telecommunication Company to become our official partner.
Aligning your business with such a prestigious establishment can elevate your brand image and generate a positive association in the minds of potential customers.
This partnership presents an ideal opportunity to put your company in front of a vast, local and affluent audience whilst also giving you complimentary golf to use as you see fit. Even if you're too busy at the moment, we still like to have you on board as a trusted local company, who could provide our other partners with advice and pass on referrals.
Here are some of the features you will receive in the partnership:
- Exclusivity for your sector.
- Providing you with exposure on the members and visitors iPhone app.
- Exposure on the members and visitors Android app.
- Your branding on the flyovers on one of the holes on our Birchwood Golf Club web flyovers which is trackable and targeted to your demographic within the local area.
- Access to our networking groups between all partners and plus ones.
- Complimentary golf for you to entertain clients, colleagues and guests.
The cost is the equivalent of just £26 per week for a 2-year partnership + £399 Artwork (one-off, optional) + VAT.
Artwork is optional but if you want us to do it for you, you can change it up to 8 times over the 2 years so every quarter you can revamp it and put new offers on. We'll also give It to you for further marketing.
I have reached out to a number of companies locally and will be operating on a first come first serve basis so if the above is of interest please let me know as soon as possible to avoid disappointment.
Best wishes,
Jack StevensAccount Manager0330 0436 463
We have sent this email to info@learn.odoo.com having found your company contact details online. If you don't want to get any more emails from us you can stop them here.
West 1 Group UK Limited, registered in England and Wales under company number 07574948. Our registered office is Unit 1 Airport West, Lancaster Way, Yeadon, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS19 7ZA.
Disclaimer: Our app operates independently. While we provide authentic and accurate hole-by-hole guides, we do not have a direct association with Birchwood Golf Club or claim any endorsement from them. We aim to offer golfers a reliable guide as they navigate their favourite courses. As a value-add for our advertisers, we offer free tee times at Birchwood Golf Club which we procure as any customer would, directly from the venue. We also host networking events, which may be held a various local venues as well as online sessions.Furthermore, advertisers have the unique opportunity to be featured in our flyovers of each golf hole. All offerings are subject to availability and terms.
by "Jack Simpson" <jack@w1g.biz> - 07:58 - 25 Sep 2024 -
Re: Exclusive Invite: IMDA x Tyk and Solace Event, 8 Oct 3-6pm
Hi Md Abul,I wanted to follow up on my previous invitation to our exclusive event, “Integrate to Innovate: Unifying APIs and Events for Next-Gen Connectivity.”Date: Tue, 08 Oct 2024Time: 03:00 PM to 06:00 PMVenue: IMDA Office, Level 4 Communal Cafe (L4CC)Address: 10 Pasir Panjang Road, Mapletree Business City, Singapore 117438Discover how to securely expose event streams using Tyk API Gateway to seamlessly manage synchronous and asynchronous APIs, enhancing security, and empowering developers to innovate with a centralised Developer Portal for APIs and events.Learn how combining event-driven integration with universal API management can increase your organisations efficiency by breaking down silos, offering self-service access to APIs and streamlining communication between services across hybrid and multi-cloud environmentSpaces are filling up quickly! Sign up here to secure your spot and join us for this exciting event.If you have any questions, please feel free to reach out.Looking forward to seeing you there!Best,Sian
Wee Sian Goh (Ms)
Account Executive+65 6813 2083
1 North Bridge Road, #08-08, Singapore 179094
On September 18, 2024 05:13, Sian Goh <sian@tyk.io> wrote:Hi Md Abul,I’m thrilled to personally invite you to our exclusive event, “Integrate to Innovate: Unifying APIs and Events for Next-Gen Connectivity,” hosted in partnership with the IMDA and Solace.Explore the future of connectivity from "Integrate to Innovate". Learn to unify APIs and events using Tyk and Solace, securely exposing event streams and managing synchronous/asynchronous APIs.Discover how event-driven integration and unified API management can break down silos and streamline communication across hybrid and multi-cloud environments.Date: Tue, 08 Oct 2024Time: 03:00 PM to 06:00 PMVenue: IMDA Office, Level 4 Communal Cafe (L4CC)Address: 10 Pasir Panjang Road, Mapletree Business City, Singapore 117438Agenda Highlights:- Publishing and Securing Solace Events on Tyk Developer Portal
- Redefining Enterprise Connectivity: Breaking Down Silos with Event-Driven Integration and Unified API Management
- Discover how Tyk achieved IMDA Accreditation and what it means to the community
- Networking opportunities with industry leaders. Refreshments will be provided.
Don’t miss this opportunity to explore the future of API and event connectivity. Click here or scan this QR code to sign up.If you have any questions or need further information, please don't hesitate to reach out.Best,Sian
Wee Sian Goh (Ms)
Account Executive+65 6813 2083
1 North Bridge Road, #08-08, Singapore 179094
This e-mail message and any documents attached to it are confidential and may contain information that is protected from disclosure by various laws, including the HIPAA privacy rule (45 C.F.R., Part 164). This information is intended to be used solely by the entity or individual to whom this message is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, be advised that any use, dissemination, forwarding, printing, or copying of this message without Tyk Technologies Ltd written permission is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Accordingly, if you have received this message in error, please notify Tyk Technologies Ltd immediately at info@tyk.io, and then delete this message.
by "Sian Goh" <sian@tyk.io> - 04:23 - 25 Sep 2024 -
How can companies help their employees embrace change?
Only McKinsey Perspectives
3 important steps Brought to you by Alex Panas, global leader of industries, & Axel Karlsson, global leader of functional practices and growth platforms
Welcome to the latest edition of Only McKinsey Perspectives. We hope you find our insights useful. Let us know what you think at Alex_Panas@McKinsey.com and Axel_Karlsson@McKinsey.com.
—Alex and Axel
•
Commitment to change. What organization doesn’t want lasting performance improvements that establish a competitive advantage? For a company undergoing transformation, cultivating employee “will” to change the way it operates is critical for success, McKinsey senior partner John C. W. Parsons and coauthors explain. Organizations that focus on generating this will—along with building critical skills, executing with rigor, and setting a holistic aspiration—are far more likely to outperform peers.
—Edited by Belinda Yu, editor, Atlanta
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by "Only McKinsey Perspectives" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 10:09 - 24 Sep 2024 -
Are you a human-centered leader?
McKinsey Quarterly Five Fifty
Get your briefing Human-centered leadership gives people a sense of purpose and recognizes their ambitions. That doesn’t just help leaders help their people—it can also boost a company’s bottom line, say Dana Maor, Hans-Werner Kaas, Kurt Strovink, and Ramesh Srinivasan. To learn how to lead from the inside out, check out the latest edition of the Five Fifty.
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by "McKinsey Quarterly Five Fifty" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 03:27 - 24 Sep 2024 -
You're invited! Join us for a McKinsey Live event on the lived experiences of Black residents
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by "McKinsey & Company" <publishing@email.mckinsey.com> - 01:15 - 24 Sep 2024 -
How Uber Scaled Cassandra for Tens of Millions of Queries Per Second?
How Uber Scaled Cassandra for Tens of Millions of Queries Per Second?
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Disclaimer: The details in this post have been derived from the Uber Engineering Blog. All credit for the technical details goes to the Uber engineering team. The links to the original articles are present in the references section at the end of the post. We’ve attempted to analyze the details and provide our input about them. If you find any inaccuracies or omissions, please leave a comment, and we will do our best to fix them.
Uber’s app is a wonderful piece of engineering, enabling the movement of millions of people around the world and tens of millions of food and grocery deliveries.
One common thing across each trip and delivery is the need for low-latency and highly reliable database interactions. Uber made this a reality with their Cassandra database as a service platform.
Supporting a multitude of Uber’s mission-critical OLTP workloads for more than six years, the Cassandra database as a service has achieved some amazing stats:
Tens of millions of queries per second
Petabytes of data
Tens of thousands of Cassandra nodes
Thousands of unique keyspaces
Hundreds of unique Cassandra clusters with over 400+ nodes per cluster
Multi-region support
However, this scale wasn’t achieved overnight. Over the years, the Uber engineering team faced numerous operational challenges.
In this post, we’ll pull back the curtains from the architecture of Uber’s Cassandra setup and the multiple problems they solved to reach the desired scale.
The Cassandra Team Responsibilities
As mentioned, Uber runs Cassandra as a managed service. A dedicated team takes care of the platform's day-to-day operations. Here are the responsibilities of the team:
Implement new features in Cassandra and contribute to the community. This also includes critical bug fixes.
Integrate Cassandra into Uber’s ecosystem. This involves changes to the control plane, configuration management tools, observability, and alert management platform at Uber.
Build the managed Cassandra solution as a one-stop shop for Uber’s application teams.
Ensure 4 nines of availability (99.99%) and 24/7 support for the application teams.
Guide on best practices and data modeling needs of the application teams.
Architecture of Uber’s Cassandra Setup
The diagram below shows the overall Cassandra ecosystem at Uber.
On a high level, the Cassandra cluster spans across regions with the data replicated between them.
Uber’s in-house stateful management system Odin handles the configuration and orchestration of thousands of clusters. Together this forms the Cassandra Managed Service that powers different types of workloads, ranging from read-skewed to mixed to write-skewed.
See the diagram below to understand Odin’s role:
Let’s now look at the major components of the Cassandra database as a service architecture:
Cassandra Framework
This is an in-house framework developed by Uber and is responsible for the lifecycle of running Cassandra in Uber’s production environment.
The framework is powered by Uber’s stateful control plane Odin. It adheres to Odin’s standards and abstracts the complexity of Cassandra’s various functionalities such as:
Node selection and replacement
Rolling restarts and capacity adjustments
Decommissioning nodes
Starting and stopping nodes
Cassandra Client
The Cassandra client is the interface between the applications and the Cassandra clusters.
Uber forked the Go and Java open-source Cassandra clients and adapted them to work in Uber’s ecosystem. These clients use the service discovery mechanism to find the initial nodes to connect. This way there’s no need to hardcode the Cassandra endpoints in the application layer.
Some of the enhancements made by Uber within these clients are around additional observability features such as:
Capturing query fingerprints
DDL/DML features mapping
Service Discovery
Service discovery is a critical piece of large-scale distributed systems. It helps discover service instances on the fly, preventing hard coding and unnecessary configurations.
See the diagram below that shows the concept of service discovery:
At Uber, each Cassandra cluster is uniquely identified and their nodes can be discovered in real time.
Whenever a Cassandra node changes its status (Up, Down, or Decommission), the framework notifies the service discovery about the change. Applications (or service consumers) use the service discovery as the first contact point to connect to a Cassandra node. As the nodes change their status, the service discovery adjusts the list.
Challenges of Scaling Uber’s Cassandra Service
Since the inception of Cassandra’s service at Uber, it has continued to grow every year and more critical use cases have been added.
The service was hit with significant reliability challenges. Let’s look at some of the most important ones in more detail.
1 - Unreliable Node Replacement
Node replacement is a critical part of any large-scale fleet. There are multiple reasons for node replacement:
Hardware failures
Fleet optimization
Changes to the deployment topology
Disaster recovery
Cassandra provides a graceful node replacement approach that decommissions the existing node and adds a new node. But there were a few hiccups such as:
Node decommissioning getting stuck
Failing node addition
Data inconsistency
Every node replacement does not face these issues, but even a small percentage has the potential to impact the entire fleet. It adds operational overhead to teams. For example, even a 95% success rate means 5 failures out of 100 node replacements. In case 500 nodes are replaced every day, 25 failures may easily engage 2 engineers just recovering from these failures.
It was important to fix the root problem and that was Cassandra not cleaning up hint files for orphan nodes.
Think of it like this: You have a big family message board at home. When a family member moves out, everyone keeps their old sticky notes about them on the board. When you decide to get a new message board, you carefully copy all these notes to the new board.
The same was the case with Cassandra. A legit node N1 may store hint files locally for its peer node that was part of the Cassandra ring. However, even when the peer node is not part of the ring, node N1 does not purge the hint files. When N1 decommissions, it transfers all the orphan hint files to its next successor. Over time, the hint files keep growing, resulting in terabytes of garbage hint files. Transferring such a big file could take multiple days.
The team made a few changes in Cassandra:
Proactively purge the hint files belonging to orphan nodes.
Dynamically adjust the hint transfer rate limiter so the transfer can finish in hours instead of days.
Another fix was related to the node decommission step erroring out due to parallel activity, such as rolling restart due to fleet upgrades. The control plane wasn’t able to probe Cassandra about the decommissioned state. To handle this, they improved Cassandra's bootstrap and decommission path by exposing the state so the control plane could get the current status and take necessary action.
See the snippet below that explains the approximate change:
public boolean isDecommissionFailed() { if (operationMode == Mode.LEAVING && hasDecommissionFailed) { return true; } return false; } public boolean isBootstrapFailed() { if (operationMode == Mode.JOINING && hasBootstrapFailed) { return true; } return false; }
Source: Uber’s Engineering Blog
After these changes, the node replacement became 99.99% reliable.
2 - Cassandra’s Lightweight Transactions Error Rate
Few business use cases relied on Cassandra’s Lightweight Transactions at scale. However, these cases suffered higher error rates every other week.
It was a general belief that Cassandra’s Lightweight Transactions were unreliable. One of the errors was due to pending range due to multiple simultaneous node replacements. It’s similar to a mismanaged library where too many librarians are replaced at once and tracking books becomes quite difficult.
When a new node N2 replaces an old node N1, the Gossip code path on N2 continues pointing to N1’s IP address, resulting in a DNS resolution error. Ultimately, N2 could not function as expected, and restarting it was the only option.
Uber’s engineering team improved the error handling inside the Gossip protocol, making Cassandra Lightweight Transactions more robust.
3 - Data Inconsistency Issues
Another problem was related to data inconsistency due to sluggish Cassandra repairs.
Cassandra repairs are an important activity for every Cassandra cluster to fix data inconsistencies. While there are open-source solutions to trigger the repair, Uber did not want a control-plane-based solution. In their view, the repair should be an integral part of Cassandra similar to compaction.
With this goal, the Uber Cassandra team implemented the repair orchestration inside Cassandra itself. See the diagram below:
On a high level, they assigned a dedicated thread pool to the repair scheduler. The repair scheduler inside Cassandra maintains a new replicated table for the node status and repair history.
The scheduler picks the node that ran the repair first and continues orchestration to ensure each table and all ranges are repaired.
Since the implementation of a fully automated repair scheduler inside Cassandra, there has been no dependency on the control plane, which reduced the operational overhead significantly.
Conclusion
Uber’s Cassandra setup is a testament to the importance of incremental changes to build a large-scale fleet.
In this post, we’ve taken a deep look at the architecture of Uber’s Cassandra setup and the design of the managed service. We also looked at multiple challenges the engineering team overcame to make the Cassandra database service more reliable at scale.
Reference:
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